This article is devoted to the analysis of the legislation of the Russian Federation in the field of regulating the degree of eutrophication of water bodies. The study covers regulations at the federal level, decrees and decrees of the Government of the Russian Federation, including the activities of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Ecology of the Russian Federation, as well as regulations of the Federal Service for Environmental, Technological and Nuclear Supervision and Regional laws and decrees of the authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Future researchers, scientists and environmentalists can use this article as a basis for studying the legal mechanisms used in Russia to regulate eutrophication of water bodies. Delving deeper into the topic will help identify gaps in legislation and propose additional measures to protect water resources.