Ischemic heart disease as a consequence of epigenetic modifications and fetal programming in fetal growth retardation; [Ишемическая болезнь сердца как следствие эпигенетических модификаций и фетального программирования при задержке роста плода]

The purpose of this review was to study Russian and foreign literature on the relationship between slow intrauterine growth of the fetus and the risk of coronary heart disease and metabolic disorders in adulthood. According to the world medical community, placental dysfunction and fetal growth retardation are fundamental in the development of structural and functional changes in the body. Using modern methods of echocardiography, it has become possible to detect early pathological changes in the heart and blood vessels in the case of antenatal hypoxia, which are predictors of diseases of the cardiovascular system in the future. Due to the possibility of studying the effect of epigenetic modifications on the fetus, the mechanisms of the relationship between slow intrauterine growth of the fetus and the risk of cardiovascular and endocrine diseases in adulthood are becoming clearer every year, there are opportunities to develop pathogenetic therapy, but at the moment there are many questions in the problem of growth retardation. fetus and its long-term effects are still open. However, professionals working with pediatric and adult patients need to be aware of the long-term impact of a person’s neonatal characteristics and family history on cardiovascular risk. © 2023 Bakoulev National Medical Research Center for Cardiovascular Surgery. All rights reserved.