Digital Twins in Graphene Technology

The Digital Twin (DT) concept in science has a long history that goes back to the beginnings of the now widely accepted modeling. The ever-expanding amount of digital data accompanying modeling could not but cause a qualitative transition from modeling, subordinated to the goal of reproducing a real object, to an equal-right DT concept that offers an independent view of the real object. This chapter presents the first example of such a conceptual rethinking, using the example of material science of high-tech graphene materials. © 2024 selection and editorial matter, Zhihan Lyu; individual chapters, the contributors.