Early biochemical markers and screening diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus

Aim. Implementation of screening methods based on clinical, laboratory (biochemical, hormonal) and instrumental markers in the early diagnosis of gestational diabetes. Material and methods. The study included general clinical, biochemical (D-dimer, APTT, ketone, homocysteine, glucose, creatinine, LDH, OGTT, glycated hemoglobin), hormonal (leptin, C-peptide, 25(ОН)D, correlation and statistical research methods. Results. To the question, using the anamnesis collection method, whether diabetes mellitus was inherited in close relatives of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), where cases of diabetes diagnosis were identified (58.2% of pregnant women with GDM in the anamnesis, 57.4% of patients with GDM). The amount of glycated hemoglobin introduced for the diagnosis of GDM varied on average from 9.36±0.36 to 3.89±0.11 ng/ml in pregnant women with GDM and in the control group. Taking these changes into account, we were able to timely add D-dimer, low-molecular anticoagulants APTT to correct coagulation disorders in the controlled hemostasis system and adjust their doses based on leptin and hemostasiogram parameters during monitoring. Studying the concentration of vitamin 25(ОН)D in the blood of pregnant women with GDM, a decrease in its concentration was found on average to 24.7±0.43 ng/ml, while in healthy women it was 32.3±1.4 ng/ml, and it was established that the level of reliability of the difference between the indicators in the group of pregnant women with GDM and in the control group was p<0.001, i.e. almost 2 times less. Conclusion. The analysis of the obtained data shows that based on clinical and anamnestic data, laboratory indicators, it was proven that the results of the analysis in early diagnosis and screening of GDM play a large role in predicting the course of pregnancy and the development of possible complications. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.