Enduring Cybersecurity and Transitional Justice Aftermath of West Papua and Papua's Internet Shutdown in 2019; Обеспечение кибербезопасности и правосудия переходного периода после отключения интернета в западном Папуа – Новой Гвинее в 2019 году

The Internet shutdown in West Papua and Papua, in 2019 as an example of the Ministry of Communications and Informatics of the Republic of Indonesia failure to balance national security and digital freedoms. The Internet shutdown was suppress and control the flow of information has been criticized as an authoritarian strategy that undermines human rights and digital freedoms, further deepening mistrust between the state and citizens. The Ministry needs to refrain from abusing their powers and ensure that cybersecurity regulations do not violate civil liberties, as excessive restrictions weaken democratic values. emphasized the Ministry’s failure to comply with cybersecurity standards, which has led to human rights violations and manipulation of perceptions of national security, ultimately damaging Indonesia’s reputation. Finally, the article highlights the value of long-term relationships in transitional justice, justifying the need for a human-centered approach to institutional transformation within the framework of national cybersecurity initiatives. This article highlights the importance of transparency, accountability, and the protection in preventing future abuses. This article calls for a reevaluation of cybersecurity practices for digital freedoms, emphasizing the necessity of transparent and inclusive policies that reflect democratic principles. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.