Interaction between microRNA and KRAS in Glioblastoma

Glioblastoma (GBM) characterized byits rapid progression and challenging prognosis, often featuring mutations in the Kirsten rat sarcoma virus (KRAS) gene, which is crucial for numerous cellular signaling mechanisms. Emerging research underscores a significant interaction between KRAS and microRNAs (miRNAs) in these cancers, with miRNAs playing key roles as both regulators and mediators within the KRAS signaling framework. The concept of oncogene-induced senescence (OIS) is explored as a protective mechanism against tumor development, examining how K-RAS signaling is meticulously adjusted to bypass senescence, thereby enhancing cell growth and survival. In this study, we identify certain miRNAs that directly impact KRAS through mRNA targeting or by influencing its downstream signaling cascades. In turn, pathways activated by KRAS can modify the levels of specific miRNAs, establishing a feedback loop that balances cell regulation and tumor progression. We propose a theoretical framework where these interactions are crucial for deciphering the molecular underpinnings of GBM, potentially paving the way for innovative treatment approaches that focus on the miRNA-KRAS connection. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.