Design of a phosphate-based glass system as adsorbent for crystal violet dye removal

This study introduces the utilization of a novel approach using glass-based systems as standalone adsorbents for extracting crystal violet (CV) dye from aqueous solutions. A phosphate-based glass 60NaPO3-10TiO2-30V2O5 was synthesized using the conventional melt quenching technique. Characterization was conducted using a variety of analytical techniques including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), Raman spectra, Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) and X-ray analysis (XRD). The glass exhibited effective adsorption capacity for CV dye, marking the first-time use of phosphate-based glass as an adsorbent. The findings suggested that the adsorption process was impacted by different physicochemical parameters. The Freundlich isotherm and pseudo-first-order models demonstrated a strong fit in isothermal and kinetic adsorption modeling, respectively. The utmost adsorption capacity observed was 262.74 mg g−1. Thermodynamic analysis suggested that the process of adsorption of CV dye was spontaneous and exothermic. These findings indicate that the synthesized phosphate-based glass has a high potential for wastewater treatment containing CV dye. © 2024 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.