Global, regional, and national progress towards Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 for neonatal and child health: all-cause and cause-specific mortality findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Background Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 has targeted elimination of preventable child mortality, reduction of neonatal death to less than 12 per 1000 livebirths, and reduction of death of children younger than 5 years to less than 25 per 1000 livebirths, for each country by 2030. To understand current rates, recent trends, and potential trajectories of child mortality for the next decade, we present the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 findings for all-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality in children younger than 5 years of age, with multiple scenarios for child mortality in 2030 that include the consideration of potential effects of COVID-19, and a novel framework for quantifying optimal child survival. Methods We completed all-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality analyses from 204 countries and territories for detailed age groups separately, with aggregated mortality probabilities per 1000 livebirths computed for neonatal mortality rate (NMR) and under-5 mortality rate (USMR). Scenarios for 2030 represent different potential trajectories, notably including potential effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and the potential impact of improvements preferentially targeting neonatal survival. Optimal child survival metrics were developed by age, sex, and cause of death across all GBD location-years. The first metric is a global optimum and is based on the lowest observed mortality, and the second is a survival potential frontier that is based on stochastic frontier analysis of observed mortality and Healthcare Access and Quality Index. Findings Global U5MR decreased from 71.2 deaths per 1000 livebirths (95% uncertainty interval WI] 68.3-74-0) in 2000 to 37.1 (33.2-41.7) in 2019 while global NMR correspondingly declined more slowly from 28.0 deaths per 1000 live births (26.8-29-5) in 2000 to 17.9 (16.3-19-8) in 2019. In 2019,136 (67%) of 204 countries had a USMR at or below the SDG 3.2 threshold and 133 (65%) had an NMR at or below the SDG 3.2 threshold, and the reference scenario suggests that by 2030,154 (75%) of all countries could meet the U5MR targets, and 139 (68%) could meet the NMR targets. Deaths of children younger than 5 years totalled 9.65 million (95% UI 9.05-10.30) in 2000 and 5.05 million (4.27-6.02) in 2019, with the neonatal fraction of these deaths increasing from 39% (3.76 million [95% UI 3.53-4.021) in 2000 to 48% (2.42 million; 2.06-2.86) in 2019. NMR and U5MR were generally higher in males than in females, although there was no statistically significant difference at the global level. Neonatal disorders remained the leading cause of death in children younger than 5 years in 2019, followed by lower respiratory infections, diarrhoeal diseases, congenital birth defects, and malaria. The global optimum analysis suggests NMR could be reduced to as low as 0.80 (95% UI 0.71-0.86) deaths per 1000 livebirths and U5MR to 1.44 (95% UI 1-27-1.58) deaths per 1000 livebirths, and in 2019, there were as many as 1.87 million (95% UI 1-35-2.58; 37% [95% UI 32-43]) of 5.05 million more deaths of children younger than 5 years than the survival potential frontier. Interpretation Global child mortality declined by almost half between 2000 and 2019, but progress remains slower in neonates and 65 (32%) of 204 countries, mostly in sub-Saharan Africa and south Asia, are not on track to meet either SDG 3.2 target by 2030. Focused improvements in perinatal and newborn care, continued and expanded delivery of essential interventions such as vaccination and infection prevention, an enhanced focus on equity, continued focus on poverty reduction and education, and investment in strengthening health systems across the development spectrum have the potential to substantially improve USMR. Given the widespread effects of COVID-19, considerable effort will be required to maintain and accelerate progress. Copyright (C) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Авторы

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Journal

Lancet

Издательство

Elsevier Limited

Номер выпуска

10303

Язык

English

Страницы

870-905

Статус

Published

DOI

10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01207-1

Том

398

Год

2021

Организации

¹ Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
² Univ Washington, Dept Anesthesiol & Pain Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
³ Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Hlth Metr Sci, Seattle, WA USA
⁴ Univ Washington, Div Plast Surg, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
⁵ Univ Washington, Div Allergy & Infect Dis, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
⁶ Adigrat Univ, Dept Nursing, Adigrat, Ethiopia
⁷ Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Antai Coll Econ, Shanghai, Peoples R China
⁸ Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci, Social Determinants & Lealth Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran
⁹ Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci, Obes Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran
¹⁰ Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci, Dept Pharmacol, Tehran, Iran
¹¹ Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci, Dept Epidemiol, Tehran, Iran
¹² Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci, Injury Prevent & Safety Promot Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran
¹³ Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci, Tehran, Iran
¹⁴ Univ Tehran Med Sci, Adv Diagnost & Intervent Radiol Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran
¹⁵ Univ Tehran Med Sci, Res Ctr Immunodeficiencies, Tehran, Iran
¹⁶ Univ Tehran Med Sci, Dept Pharmacol, Tehran, Iran
¹⁷ Univ Tehran Med Sci, Noncommunicable Dis Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran
¹⁸ Univ Tehran Med Sci, Dept Environm Hlth Engn, Tehran, Iran
¹⁹ Univ Tehran Med Sci, Sch Med, Tehran, Iran
²⁰ Univ Tehran Med Sci, Sch Nursing & Midwifery, Tehran, Iran
²¹ Univ Tehran Med Sci, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Tehran, Iran
²² Univ Tehran Med Sci, Pediat Chron Kidney Dis Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran
²³ Univ Tehran Med Sci, Hlth Equ Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran
²⁴ Univ Tehran Med Sci, Digest Dis Res Inst, Tehran, Iran
²⁵ Univ Tehran Med Sci, Tehran Heart Ctr, Tehran, Iran
²⁶ Univ Tehran Med Sci, Endocrinol & Metab Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran
²⁷ Univ Tehran Med Sci, Fac Med, Tehran, Iran
²⁸ Cairo Univ, Dept Neurol, Cairo, Egypt
²⁹ Cairo Univ, Natl Hepatol & Trop Med Res Inst, Cairo, Egypt
³⁰ Cairo Univ, Dept Med Parasitol, Cairo, Egypt
³¹ Tanta Univ, Trop Med Dept, Tanta, Egypt
³² Jahrom Univ Med Sci, Dept Parasitol & Mycol, Jahrom, Iran
³³ Univ Southern Calif, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Los Angeles, CA 90007 USA
³⁴ Univ Southern Calif, Dept Radiol, Los Angeles, CA 90007 USA
³⁵ Karolinska Univ Hosp, Dept Lab Med, Huddinge, Sweden
³⁶ Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Dept Pediat Dent, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
³⁷ Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Dept Pediat, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
³⁸ Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Dept Maternal & Child Nursing & Publ Hlth, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
³⁹ Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Dept Clin Med, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
⁴⁰ Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Clin Hosp, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
⁴¹ Univ Sharjah, Dept Clin Sci, Sharjah, U Arab Emirates
⁴² Univ Sharjah, Clin Sci Dept, Sharjah, U Arab Emirates
⁴³ Univ Sharjah, Dept Family & Community Med, Sharjah, U Arab Emirates
⁴⁴ Birzeit Univ, Inst Community & Publ Hlth, Ramallah, Palestine
⁴⁵ Harvard Univ, Harvard Med Sch, Boston, MA 02115 USA
⁴⁶ Harvard Univ, Ctr Primary Care, Boston, MA 02115 USA
⁴⁷ Harvard Univ, Dept Global Hlth & Social Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA
⁴⁸ Harvard Univ, Div Cardiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA
⁴⁹ Harvard Univ, Div Gen Internal Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA
⁵⁰ Ain Shams Univ, Dept Med, Cairo, Egypt
⁵¹ Ain Shams Univ, Dept Entomol, Cairo, Egypt
⁵² Ain Shams Univ, Neurol Dept, Cairo, Egypt
⁵³ Bayero Univ Kano, Community Med Dept, Kano, Nigeria
⁵⁴ London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Infect Dis Epidemiol, London, England
⁵⁵ London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Noncommunicable Dis Epidemiol, London, England
⁵⁶ Univ Coll Hosp, Coll Med, Ibadan, Nigeria
⁵⁷ Univ Coll Hosp, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Ibadan, Nigeria
⁵⁸ Univ Coll Hosp, Dept Community Med, Ibadan, Nigeria
⁵⁹ Univ Coll Hosp, Dept Med, Ibadan, Nigeria
⁶⁰ Griffith Univ, Sch Med, Gold Coast, Qld, Australia
⁶¹ Kings Coll London, Dept Populat Hlth Sci, London, England
⁶² Kings Coll London, Fac Life Sci & Med, London, England
⁶³ Kings Coll London, Sch Populat Hlth & Environm Sci, London, England
⁶⁴ Stellenbosch Univ, Ctr Excellence Epidemiol Modelling & Anal, Stellenbosch, South Africa
⁶⁵ Stellenbosch Univ, Dept Global Hlth, Cape Town, South Africa
⁶⁶ Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Community Hlth & Epidemiol, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
⁶⁷ Fed Minist Hlth, Dept Publ Hlth, Abuja, Nigeria
⁶⁸ Univ Extremadura, Sport Sci Dept, Badajoz, Spain
⁶⁹ Univ Massachusetts, Med Sch, Dept Dermatol, Worcester, MA 01605 USA
⁷⁰ Qom Univ Med Sci, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Qom, Iran
⁷¹ Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Policy Populat & Hlth Res, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
⁷² Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Complex Sci, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
⁷³ Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Dept Econ Geog, Mexico City, DF, Mexico Univ Technol Sydney, Australian Ctr Publ & Populat Hlth Res, Sydney, NSW, Australia;
⁷⁴ Univ Technol Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
⁷⁵ Southeast Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Hlth Stat, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China
⁷⁶ Univ Nottingham, Lincoln Med Sch, Nottingham, England
⁷⁷ Univ Lincoln, Lincoln Med Sch, Lincoln, England
⁷⁸ Jimma Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Jimma, Ethiopia
⁷⁹ Univ South Australia, Australian Ctr Precis Hlth, Adelaide, SA, Australia
⁸⁰ Univ South Australia, Sch Pharm & Med Sci, Adelaide, SA, Australia
⁸¹ Jenderal Soedirman Univ, Fac Med & Publ Hlth, Purwokerto, Indonesia
⁸² Univ Gondar, Dept Med Physiol, Gondar, Ethiopia
⁸³ Univ Gondar, Dept Reprod Hlth, Gondar, Ethiopia
⁸⁴ Univ Gondar, Inst Publ Hlth, Gondar, Ethiopia
⁸⁵ Univ Gondar, Dept Epidemiol, Gondar, Ethiopia
⁸⁶ Univ Gondar, Sch Midwifery, Gondar, Ethiopia
⁸⁷ Univ Gondar, Sch Nursing, Gondar, Ethiopia
⁸⁸ Univ Gondar, Dept Midwifery, Gondar, Ethiopia
⁸⁹ Univ Gondar, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Gondar, Ethiopia
⁹⁰ Univ Ibadan, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Ibadan, Nigeria
⁹¹ Univ Ibadan, Dept Hlth Promot & Educ, Ibadan, Nigeria
⁹² Univ Ibadan, Dept Community Med, Ibadan, Nigeria
⁹³ Univ Ibadan, Dept Med, Ibadan, Nigeria
⁹⁴ Arba Minch Univ, Dept Med Lab Sci, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
⁹⁵ Arba Minch Univ, Dept Nursing, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
⁹⁶ Arba Minch Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
⁹⁷ Arba Minch Univ, Dept Biomed Sci, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
⁹⁸ Washington Univ, John T Milliken Dept Internal Med, St Louis, MO 63110 USA
⁹⁹ Dept Vet Affairs, Clin Epidemiol Ctr, St Louis, MO USA
¹⁰⁰ Murdoch Univ, Murdoch Business Sch, Perth, WA, Australia
¹⁰¹ Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Hlth Informat Management & Technol Dept, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
¹⁰² Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Dept Hlth Informat Management & Technol, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
¹⁰³ Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Environm Hlth Dept, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
¹⁰⁴ Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Forens Med Div, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
¹⁰⁵ Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
¹⁰⁶ Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Ctr Hlth Syst Res, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
¹⁰⁷ Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Ctr Nutr & Hlth Res, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
¹⁰⁸ Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Res Nutr & Hlth, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
¹⁰⁹ King Saud Univ, Pediat Intens Care Unit, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
¹¹⁰ King Saud Univ, Internal Med Dept, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
¹¹¹ King Saud Univ, Dept Pediat, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
¹¹² Haramaya Univ, Dept Psychiat, Harar, Ethiopia
¹¹³ Haramaya Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Harar, Ethiopia
¹¹⁴ Haramaya Univ, Sch Nursing & Midwifery, Harar, Ethiopia
¹¹⁵ Italian Natl Inst Stat, Directorate Social Stat & Populat Census, Rome, Italy
¹¹⁶ Monash Univ, Epidemiol & Prevent Med, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
¹¹⁷ Monash Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Prevent Med, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
¹¹⁸ Monash Univ, Sch Clin Sci Monash Hlth, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
¹¹⁹ Iran Univ Med Sci, Hlth Management & Econ Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran
¹²⁰ Iran Univ Med Sci, Dept Hlth Econ, Tehran, Iran
¹²¹ Iran Univ Med Sci, Prevent Med & Publ Hlth Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran
¹²² Iran Univ Med Sci, Dept Med Lab Sci, Tehran, Iran
¹²³ Iran Univ Med Sci, Student Res Comm, Tehran, Iran
¹²⁴ Iran Univ Med Sci, Minimally Invas Surg Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran
¹²⁵ Iran Univ Med Sci, Dept Physiol, Tehran, Iran
¹²⁶ Iran Univ Med Sci, Physiol Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran
¹²⁷ Iran Univ Med Sci, Colorectal Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran
¹²⁸ Iran Univ Med Sci, Dept Community & Family Med, Tehran, Iran
¹²⁹ Hormozgan Univ Med Sci, Infect & Trop Dis Res Ctr, Bandar Abbas, Iran
¹³⁰ Kuwait Univ, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Kuwait, Kuwait
¹³¹ Natl Univ Malaysia, Int Ctr Casemix & Clin Coding, Bandar Tun Razak, Malaysia
¹³² Arak Univ Med Sci, Dept Epidemiol, Arak, Iran
¹³³ Arak Univ Med Sci, Dept Hlth Serv Management, Arak, Iran
¹³⁴ Arak Univ Med Sci, Dept Pediat, Arak, Iran
¹³⁵ Univ Jordan, Physiotherapy Dept, Amman, Jordan
¹³⁶ Jazan Univ, Med Res Ctr, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
¹³⁷ Jazan Univ, Epidemiol Dept, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
¹³⁸ Jazan Univ, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
¹³⁹ Sanaa Univ, Dept Parasitol, Sanaa, Yemen
¹⁴⁰ Pompeu Fabra Univ, Res Program Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Barcelona, Spain
¹⁴¹ Dept Expt & Hlth Sci, Madrid, Spain
¹⁴² Biomed Res Networking Ctr Epidemiol & Publ Hlth C, Madrid, Spain
¹⁴³ King Abdulaziz Univ, Dept Community Med, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
¹⁴⁴ King Abdulaziz Univ, Rabigh Fac Med, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
¹⁴⁵ Univ Coast, Res Grp Hosp Management & Hlth Policies, Barranquilla, Colombia
¹⁴⁶ Univ Coast, Dept Econ Sci, Barranquilla, Colombia
¹⁴⁷ Univ Cartagena, Res Grp Hlth Econ, Cartagena, Colombia
¹⁴⁸ Natl Inst Hlth, Natl Hlth Observ, Bogota, Colombia
¹⁴⁹ Isfahan Univ Med Sci, Hlth Management & Econ Res Ctr, Esfahan, Iran
¹⁵⁰ Isfahan Univ Med Sci, Dept Pathol, Esfahan, Iran
¹⁵¹ Isfahan Univ Med Sci, Isfahan Cardiovasc Res Inst, Esfahan, Iran
¹⁵² Isfahan Univ Med Sci, Dept Radiol & Intervent Neuroradiol, Esfahan, Iran
¹⁵³ Ateneo Manila Univ, Sch Med & Publ Hlth, Manila, Philippines
¹⁵⁴ Univ Philippines Manila, Coll Med, Manila, Philippines
¹⁵⁵ Univ Philippines Manila, Dept Hlth Policy & Adm, Manila, Philippines
¹⁵⁶ African Populat & Hlth Res Ctr, Maternal & Child Wellbeing, Nairobi, Kenya
¹⁵⁷ African Populat & Hlth Res Ctr, Populat Dynam & Sexual & Reprod Hlth, Nairobi, Kenya
¹⁵⁸ Carol Davila Univ Med & Pharm, Pharm Dept, Bucharest, Romania
¹⁵⁹ Carol Davila Univ Med & Pharm, Cardiol Dept, Bucharest, Romania
¹⁶⁰ Carol Davila Univ Med & Pharm, Internal Med Dept, Bucharest, Romania
¹⁶¹ Carol Davila Univ Med & Pharm, Dept Legal Med & Bioeth, Bucharest, Romania
¹⁶² Carol Davila Univ Med & Pharm, Dept Gen Surg, Bucharest, Romania
¹⁶³ Carol Davila Univ Med & Pharm, Dept Anat & Embryol, Bucharest, Romania
¹⁶⁴ Univ Queensland, Ctr Sensorimotor Performance, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
¹⁶⁵ Univ Queensland, Sch Dent, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
¹⁶⁶ Univ Queensland, Queensland Brain Inst, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
¹⁶⁷ Univ Queensland, Sch Hlth & Rehabil Sci, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
¹⁶⁸ Royal Brisbane & Womens Hosp, Neurol Dept, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
¹⁶⁹ Tabriz Univ Med Sci, Res Ctr Evidence Based Med, Tabriz, Iran
¹⁷⁰ Tabriz Univ Med Sci, Dept Biostat & Epidemiol, Tabriz, Iran
¹⁷¹ Tabriz Univ Med Sci, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Tabriz, Iran
¹⁷² Tabriz Univ Med Sci, Sch Nursing & Midwifery, Tabriz, Iran
¹⁷³ Tabriz Univ Med Sci, Sch Management & Med Informat, Tabriz, Iran
¹⁷⁴ Tabriz Univ Med Sci, Social Determinants Hlth Res Ctr, Tabriz, Iran
¹⁷⁵ Tabriz Univ Med Sci, Biotechnol Res Ctr, Tabriz, Iran
¹⁷⁶ Tabriz Univ Med Sci, Mol Med Res Ctr, Tabriz, Iran
¹⁷⁷ Tabriz Univ Med Sci, Alzahra Teaching Hosp, Tabriz, Iran
¹⁷⁸ Tabriz Univ Med Sci, Womens Reprod Hlth Res Ctr, Tabriz, Iran
¹⁷⁹ Agr Res Educ & Extens Org AREEO, Razi Vaccine & Serum Res Inst, Tehran, Iran
¹⁸⁰ Zahedan Univ Med Sci, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Zahedan, Iran
¹⁸¹ Zahedan Univ Med Sci, Hlth Promot Res Ctr, Zahedan, Iran
¹⁸² Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Dept Appl Social Sci, Hong Kong, Peoples R China
¹⁸³ Sebelas Maret Univ, Agribusiness Study Program, Surakarta, Indonesia
¹⁸⁴ Mazandaran Univ Med Sci, Dept Parasitol, Sari, Iran
¹⁸⁵ Mazandaran Univ Med Sci, Dept Immunol, Sari, Iran
¹⁸⁶ Mazandaran Univ Med Sci, Mol & Cell Biol Res Ctr, Sari, Iran
¹⁸⁷ Mazandaran Univ Med Sci, Dept Environm Hlth, Sari, Iran
¹⁸⁸ Iranshahr Univ Med Sci, Dept Parasitol, Iranshahr, Iran
¹⁸⁹ Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic Univ, Dept Pathol, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
¹⁹⁰ Fdn Univ Islamabad, Dept Psychol, Rawalpandi, Pakistan
¹⁹¹ Birjand Univ Med Sci, Social Determinants Hlth Res Ctr, Birjand, Iran
¹⁹² Birjand Univ Med Sci, Cardiovasc Dis Res Ctr, Birjand, Iran
¹⁹³ Tashkent Inst Postgrad Med Educ, Publ Hlth & Healthcare Management, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
¹⁹⁴ Boston Childrens Hosp, Boston, MA USA
¹⁹⁵ Karolinska Inst, Dept Neurobiol Care Sci & Soc, Stockholm, Sweden
¹⁹⁶ Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Epidemiol & Biostat, Stockholm, Sweden
¹⁹⁷ Karolinska Inst, Dept Global Publ Hlth, Stockholm, Sweden
¹⁹⁸ Karolinska Inst, Dept Neurobiol, Stockholm, Sweden
¹⁹⁹ Dalarna Univ, Sch Hlth & Social Studies, Falun, Sweden
²⁰⁰ Univ Airlangga, Dept Epidemiol, Surabaya, Indonesia
²⁰¹ Univ Airlangga, Community Hlth Nursing, Surabaya, Indonesia
²⁰² Univ Airlangga, Fac Publ Hlth, Surabaya, Indonesia
²⁰³ Babol Univ Med Sci, Sch Nursing & Midwifery, Babol, Iran
²⁰⁴ Babol Univ Med Sci, Student Res Comm, Babol, Iran
²⁰⁵ Babol Univ Med Sci, Babol, Iran
²⁰⁶ Univ Texas Houston, Dept Plast Surg, Houston, TX USA
²⁰⁷ Shiraz Univ Med Sci, Epilepsy Res Ctr, Shiraz, Iran
²⁰⁸ Shiraz Univ Med Sci, Hlth Human Resources Res Ctr, Shiraz, Iran
²⁰⁹ Shiraz Univ Med Sci, Bacteriol & Virol Dept, Shiraz, Iran
²¹⁰ Shiraz Univ Med Sci, Burn & Wound Healing Res Ctr, Shiraz, Iran
²¹¹ Shiraz Univ Med Sci, Noncommunicable Dis Res Ctr, Shiraz, Iran
²¹² Shiraz Univ Med Sci, Dept Parasitol & Mycol, Shiraz, Iran
²¹³ Shiraz Univ Med Sci, Hlth Policy Res Ctr, Shiraz, Iran
²¹⁴ Thomas Jefferson Univ, Neurol Dept, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA
²¹⁵ Zanjan Univ Med Sci, Dept Biostat & Epidemiol, Zanjan, Iran
²¹⁶ Zanjan Univ Med Sci, Dept Immunol, Zanjan, Iran
²¹⁷ Zanjan Univ Med Sci, Dept Anat Sci, Zanjan, Iran
²¹⁸ Maragheh Univ Med Sci, Dept Biol, Maragheh, Iran
²¹⁹ Maragheh Univ Med Sci, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, Maragheh, Iran
²²⁰ Bahir Dar Univ, Dept Hlth Syst & Hlth Econ, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
²²¹ Bahir Dar Univ, Dept Internal Med, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
²²² Bahir Dar Univ, Dept Reprod Hlth & Populat Studies, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
²²³ Lumbini Med Coll, Dept Forens Med, Palpa, Nepal
²²⁴ Keimyung Univ, Dept Social Welf, Daegu, South Korea
²²⁵ Univ Leicester, Sch Business, Leicester, Leics, England
²²⁶ Univ Leicester, Dept Hlth Sci, Leicester, Leics, England
²²⁷ Bucharest Univ Econ Studies, Dept Stat & Econometr, Bucharest, Romania
²²⁸ Capella Univ, Sch Nursing & Hlth Sci, Minneapolis, MN USA
²²⁹ Univ Nevada, Continuing Educ Grant Writing Acad, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA
²³⁰ La Trobe Univ, Judith Lumley Ctr, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
²³¹ La Trobe Univ, Sch Nursing & Midwifery, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
²³² La Trobe Univ, Sch Psychol & Publ Hlth, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
²³³ Curtin Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Perth, WA, Australia
²³⁴ Univ Hlth & Allied Sci, Dept Hlth Policy Planning & Management, Ho, Ghana
²³⁵ Debre Berhan Univ, Dept Nursing, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia
²³⁶ Debre Berhan Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia
²³⁷ Hamadan Univ Med Sci, Dept Environm Hlth Engn, Hamadan, Hamadan, Iran
²³⁸ Hamadan Univ Med Sci, Autism Spectrum Disorders Res Ctr, Hamadan, Hamadan, Iran
²³⁹ Hamadan Univ Med Sci, Dept Biostat, Hamadan, Hamadan, Iran
²⁴⁰ Hamadan Univ Med Sci, Dept Midwifery, Hamadan, Hamadan, Iran
²⁴¹ Hamadan Univ Med Sci, Res Ctr Mol Med, Hamadan, Hamadan, Iran
²⁴² Kasturba Med Coll & Hosp, Mangalore, India
²⁴³ Manipal Acad Higher Educ, Manipal Coll Pharmaceut Sci, Manipal, Karnataka, India
²⁴⁴ Manipal Acad Higher Educ, Dept Nephrol, Manipal, Karnataka, India
²⁴⁵ Manipal Acad Higher Educ, Dept Hlth Informat Management, Manipal, Karnataka, India
²⁴⁶ Govt Inst Forens Sci, Dept Forens Sci, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
²⁴⁷ Univ Sultan Zainal Abidin, Unit Biochem, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
²⁴⁸ Med Univ Lodz, Dept Hypertens, Lodz, Poland
²⁴⁹ Polish Mothers Mem Hosp Res Inst, Lodz, Poland
²⁵⁰ Bangladesh Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Noncommunicable Dis, Dhaka, Bangladesh
²⁵¹ Univ Auckland, Sch Psychol, Auckland, New Zealand
²⁵² Univ Barcelona, Barcelona Inst Global Hlth, Barcelona, Spain
²⁵³ Catalan Inst Res & Adv Studies ICREA, Barcelona, Spain
²⁵⁴ Imperial Coll London, Sch Publ Hlth, London, England
²⁵⁵ Imperial Coll London, Dept Surg & Canc, London, England
²⁵⁶ Imperial Coll London, Imperial Coll Business Sch, London, England
²⁵⁷ Imperial Coll London, Dept Primary Care & Publ Hlth, London, England
²⁵⁸ Imperial Coll London, WHO Collaborating Ctr Publ Hlth Educ & Training, London, England
²⁵⁹ Univ Munster, Dept Psychiat, Munster, Germany
²⁶⁰ Univ Munster, Inst Epidemiol & Social Med, Munster, Germany
²⁶¹ Melbourne Med Sch, Dept Psychiat, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
²⁶² Dr DY Patil Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
²⁶³ Mario Negri Inst Pharmacol Res, Dept Neurosci, Milan, Italy
²⁶⁴ Mario Negri Inst Pharmacol Res, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Milan, Italy
²⁶⁵ Mario Negri Inst Pharmacol Res, Lab Neurol Disorders, Milan, Italy
²⁶⁶ AUSL Romagna, Mental Hlth, Ravenna, Italy
²⁶⁷ Yale Univ, Sch Environm, New Haven, CT USA
²⁶⁸ Yale Univ, Dept Genet, New Haven, CT USA
²⁶⁹ Halic Univ, Dept Ind Engn, Istanbul, Turkey
²⁷⁰ Univ Oxford, Nuffield Dept Populat Hlth, Oxford, England
²⁷¹ Univ Oxford, Nuffield Dept Clin Med, Oxford, England
²⁷² Univ Oxford, Ctr Trop Med & Global Hlth, Oxford, England
²⁷³ Univ Oxford, Big Data Inst, Oxford, England
²⁷⁴ Univ Oxford, George Inst Global Hlth, Oxford, England
²⁷⁵ Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Internal Med, Sao Paulo, Brazil
²⁷⁶ Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Psychiat, Sao Paulo, Brazil
²⁷⁷ Mekelle Univ, Dept Nutr & Dietet, Mekelle, Ethiopia
²⁷⁸ Mekelle Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Mekelle, Ethiopia
²⁷⁹ Georgia Augusta Univ, Dept Med, Med Coll, Augusta, GA USA
²⁸⁰ Univ Nantes, One Hlth, Nantes, France
²⁸¹ Charles Univ Prague, Dept Social & Clin Pharm, Hradec Kralova, Czech Republic
²⁸² United Arab Emirates Univ, Inst Publ Hlth, Al Ain, U Arab Emirates
²⁸³ United Arab Emirates Univ, Dept Med Microbiol & Immunol, Al Ain, U Arab Emirates
²⁸⁴ Univ Adelaide, Sch Publ Hlth, Adelaide, SA, Australia
²⁸⁵ Univ Adelaide, Adelaide Med Sch, Adelaide, SA, Australia
²⁸⁶ Univ Adelaide, Robinson Res Inst, Adelaide, SA, Australia
²⁸⁷ Univ Adelaide, Ctr Heart Rhythm Disorders, Adelaide, SA, Australia
²⁸⁸ Tribhuvan Univ, Publ Hlth Res Lab, Kathmandu, Nepal
²⁸⁹ Govt Med Coll Pali, Dept Anat, Pali, India
²⁹⁰ All India Inst Med Sci, Dept Community Med & Family Med, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
²⁹¹ All India Inst Med Sci, Sch Publ Hlth, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
²⁹² All India Inst Med Sci, Dept Pharmacol, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
²⁹³ All India Inst Med Sci, Dept Forens Med & Toxicol, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
²⁹⁴ Natl Inst Biomed Genom, Dept Stat & Computat Genom, Kalyani, W Bengal, India
²⁹⁵ Univ Calcutta, Dept Stat, Kolkata, India
²⁹⁶ Global Inst Interdisciplinary Studies, Dept Global Hlth, Kathmandu, Nepal
²⁹⁷ Univ Toronto, Ctr Global Child Hlth, Toronto, ON, Canada
²⁹⁸ Univ Toronto, Dept Med, Toronto, ON, Canada
²⁹⁹ Aga Khan Univ, Ctr Excellence Women & Child Hlth, Karachi, Pakistan
³⁰⁰ Aga Khan Univ, Div Women & Child Hlth, Karachi, Pakistan
³⁰¹ Mario Negri Inst Pharmacol Res, Ranica, Italy
³⁰² Univ Catania, Dept Gen Surg & Med Surg Specialties, Catania, Italy
³⁰³ Ethiopian Publ Hlth Inst, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
³⁰⁴ Debre Tabor Univ, Dept Nursing, Debretabor, Ethiopia
³⁰⁵ Univ New South Wales, Transport & Rd Safety TARS Res Ctr, Sydney, NSW, Australia
³⁰⁶ Univ New South Wales, Dept Med, Sydney, NSW, Australia
³⁰⁷ Univ New South Wales, Sch Med, Sydney, NSW, Australia
³⁰⁸ Univ New South Wales, World Hlth Org WHO Ctr eHlth, Sydney, NSW, Australia
³⁰⁹ Univ New South Wales, Sch Publ Hlth & Community Med, Sydney, NSW, Australia
³¹⁰ Univ New South Wales, Sch Optometry & Vis Sci, Sydney, NSW, Australia
³¹¹ Islamic Azad Univ, Dept Vet Med, Kermanshah, Iran
³¹² Univ Genoa, Genoa, Italy
³¹³ RUDN Univ, Inst Med, Moscow, Russia
³¹⁴ Employee State Insurance Post Grad Inst Med Sci &, Dept Community Med, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
³¹⁵ Tech Univ Berlin, Dept Hlth Care Management, Berlin, Germany
³¹⁶ Univ Waterloo, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Syst, Waterloo, ON, Canada
³¹⁷ Al Shifa Trust Eye Hosp, Al Shifa Sch Publ Hlth, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
³¹⁸ Fed Polytech Sch Lausanne, Inst Microengn, Lausanne, Switzerland
³¹⁹ Peruvian Univ Cayetano Heredia, Sch Publ Hlth & Adm, Lima, Peru
³²⁰ Hosp Italiano Buenos Aires, Internal Med Dept, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina
³²¹ Argentine Soc Med, Board Directors, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina
³²² Metropolitan Autonomous Univ, Dept Hlth Care, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
³²³ Inst Canc Res Prevent & Clin Network, Florence, Italy
³²⁴ Univ Porto, Res Unit Appl Mol Biosci UCIBIO, Porto, Portugal
³²⁵ Univ Porto, Dept Chem Sci, Porto, Portugal
³²⁶ Univ Porto, Lab Toxicol, Porto, Portugal
³²⁷ Univ Porto, Associated Lab Green Chem LAQV, Porto, Portugal
³²⁸ Univ Porto, Dept Chem, Porto, Portugal
³²⁹ Univ Nacl Colombia, Epidemiol & Publ Hlth Evaluat Grp, Bogota, Colombia
³³⁰ Univ Nacl Colombia, Dept Publ Hlth, Bogota, Colombia
³³¹ Univ Udine, Dept Med, Udine, Italy
³³² Healthcare Agcy Friuli Occidentale, Dept Mental Hlth, Pordenone, Italy
³³³ Australian Catholic Univ, Mary MacKillop Inst Hlth Res, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
³³⁴ Univ Hong Kong, Sch Publ Hlth, Hong Kong, Peoples R China
³³⁵ Univ Hong Kong, Ctr Suicide Res & Prevent, Hong Kong, Peoples R China
³³⁶ Univ Hong Kong, Dept Social Work & Social Adm, Hong Kong, Peoples R China
³³⁷ Natl Taiwan Univ, Coll Med, Taipei, Taiwan
³³⁸ Natl Taiwan Univ Hosp, Dept Nursing, Taipei, Taiwan
³³⁹ Medanta, Dept Microbiol & Infect Control, Gurugram, India
³⁴⁰ Texila Amer Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Georgetown, Guyana
³⁴¹ Global Inst Publ Hlth GIPH, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
³⁴² Dr DY Patil Univ, Res Dept, Pune, Maharashtra, India
³⁴³ Heidelberg Univ, Heidelberg Inst Global Hlth HIGH, Heidelberg, Germany
³⁴⁴ Heidelberg Univ, Dept Ophthalmol, Heidelberg, Germany
³⁴⁵ Seoul Natl Univ Hosp, Biomed Informat, Seoul, South Korea
³⁴⁶ VNU Int Sch, Ctr Biomed & Community Hlth, Hanoi, Vietnam
³⁴⁷ Univ Naples Federico II, Dept Publ Hlth, Naples, Italy
³⁴⁸ Nova Univ Lisbon, Nova Med Sch, Lisbon, Portugal
³⁴⁹ Peking Univ, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Beijing, Peoples R China
³⁵⁰ Publ Hlth Fdn India, Gurugram, India
³⁵¹ Indian Council Med Res, New Delhi 169, India
³⁵² Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Pathol, Baltimore, MD USA
³⁵³ Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Radiol & Radiol Sci, Baltimore, MD USA
³⁵⁴ Stanford Univ, Dept Pediat, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
³⁵⁵ Stanford Univ, Ctr Hlth Policy, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
³⁵⁶ Stanford Univ, Ctr Primary Care & Outcomes Res, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
³⁵⁷ Latin Amer Fac Social Sci Mexico, Dept Populat & Dev, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
³⁵⁸ UCL, Ear Inst, London, England
³⁵⁹ UCL, Div Psychol & Language Sci, London, England
³⁶⁰ UCL, Med Res Council Clin Trials Unit, London, England
³⁶¹ Al Farabi Kazakh Natl Univ, Hlth Res Inst, Alma Ata, Kazakhstan
³⁶² Griffith Univ, Australian Inst Suicide Res & Prevent, Mt Gravatt, Qld, Australia
³⁶³ Jamia Millia Islamia, Ctr Interdisciplinary Res Basic Sci, Delhi, India
³⁶⁴ Royal Liverpool Univ Hosp, St Pauls Eye Unit, Liverpool, Merseyside, England
³⁶⁵ Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Dept Ophthalmol, Thessaloniki, Greece
³⁶⁶ Save Children, Natl Ctr AIDS & STD Control, Kathmandu, Nepal
³⁶⁷ Indian Inst Technol Delhi, Ctr Atmospher Sci, New Delhi, India
³⁶⁸ Univ Peradeniya, Dept Community Med, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
³⁶⁹ Natl Inst Pharmaceut Educ & Res, Dept Pharm Practice, Hajipur, India
³⁷⁰ Far Western Univ, Dept Microbiol, Mahendranagar, Nepal
³⁷¹ Autonomous Univ Sinaloa, Fac Vet Med & Zootech, Culiacan Rosales, Mexico
³⁷² Univ Belgrade, Inst Microbiol & Immunol, Belgrade, Serbia
³⁷³ Univ Belgrade, Fac Med, Belgrade, Serbia
³⁷⁴ Univ Belgrade, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Management, Belgrade, Serbia
³⁷⁵ Univ Fed Bahia, Sch Med, Salvador, BA, Brazil
³⁷⁶ Univ Fed Bahia, Inst Collect Hlth, Salvador, BA, Brazil
³⁷⁷ Baltiana Sch Med & Publ Hlth, Dept Internal Med, Salvador, BA, Brazil
³⁷⁸ Tufts Med Ctr, Dept Social Serv, Boston, MA 02111 USA
³⁷⁹ Univ Sains Malaysia, Sch Hlth Sci, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
³⁸⁰ Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Div Urol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
³⁸¹ Alexandria Univ, Biomed Informat & Med Stat Dept, Alexandria, Egypt
³⁸² Alexandria Univ, Pediat Dent & Dent Publ Hlth Dept, Alexandria, Egypt
³⁸³ Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Div Cardiol, Boston, MA 02114 USA
³⁸⁴ Suez Canal Univ, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Ismailia, Egypt
³⁸⁵ York Univ, Fac Hlth, Toronto, BC, Canada
³⁸⁶ Pasteur Inst Morocco, Dept Virol, Casablanca, Morocco
³⁸⁷ Univ Pavia, Dept Biol & Biotechnol Lazzaro Spallanzani, Pavia, Italy
³⁸⁸ Cihan Univ Erbil, Dept Biol, Erbil, Iraq
³⁸⁹ Kermanshah Univ Med Sci, Res Ctr Environm Determinants Hlth, Kermanshah, Iran
³⁹⁰ Kermanshah Univ Med Sci, Clin Res Dev Ctr, Kermanshah, Iran
³⁹¹ Kermanshah Univ Med Sci, Subst Abuse Prevent Res Ctr, Kermanshah, Iran
³⁹² Kermanshah Univ Med Sci, Dept Rehabil & Sports Med, Kermanshah, Iran
³⁹³ Kermanshah Univ Med Sci, Dept Anat Sci, Kermanshah, Iran
³⁹⁴ Kermanshah Univ Med Sci, Dept Vasc & Endovasc Surg, Kermanshah, Iran
³⁹⁵ Kermanshah Univ Med Sci, Dept Hlth Educ & Hlth Promot, Kermanshah, Iran
³⁹⁶ Flinders Univ S Australia, Coll Med & Publ Hlth, Adelaide, SA, Australia
³⁹⁷ Flinders Univ S Australia, Southgate Inst Hlth & Soc, Adelaide, SA, Australia
³⁹⁸ Inst Resource Governance & Social Change, Kupang, Indonesia
³⁹⁹ Ardabil Univ Med Sci, Dept Environm Hlth Engn, Ardebil, Iran
⁴⁰⁰ Auckland Univ Technol, Natl Inst Stroke & Appl Neurosci, Auckland, New Zealand
⁴⁰¹ Res Ctr Neurol, Dept Neurol 3, Moscow, Russia
⁴⁰² Hawassa Univ, Sch Nursing, Hawassa, Ethiopia
⁴⁰³ Hawassa Univ, Sch Midwifery, Hawassa, Ethiopia
⁴⁰⁴ Univ Ottawa, Div Neurol, Ottawa, ON, Canada
⁴⁰⁵ Univ Ottawa, Sch Int Dev & Global Studies, Ottawa, ON, Canada
⁴⁰⁶ Univ Milano Bicocca, Res Ctr Publ Hlth, Monza, Italy
⁴⁰⁷ Kaiser Permanente, Psychiat Dept, Fontana, CA USA
⁴⁰⁸ AT Still Univ, Sch Hlth Sci, Mesa, AZ USA
⁴⁰⁹ Ravensburg Weingarten Univ Appl Sci, Inst Gerontol Hlth Serv & Nursing Res, Weingarten, Germany
⁴¹⁰ Ohio State Univ, James Canc Hosp, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
⁴¹¹ Natl Acad Med Sci Ukraine, Inst Gerontol, Kiev, Ukraine
⁴¹² Obafemi Awolowo Univ, Dept Child Dent Hlth, Ife, Nigeria
⁴¹³ Abadan Fac Med Sci, Dept Med Parasitol, Abadan, Iran
⁴¹⁴ James Cook Univ, Sch Publ Hlth Med & Vet Sci, Douglas, Qld, Australia
⁴¹⁵ NYU, Sch Global Publ Hlth, New York, NY USA
⁴¹⁶ Kobe Univ, Dept Dermatol, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
⁴¹⁷ Cleveland Clin, Dept Cardiovasc Med, Cleveland, OH USA
⁴¹⁸ Cleveland Clin, Dept Internal Med, Cleveland, OH USA
⁴¹⁹ Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA
⁴²⁰ Datta Meghe Inst Med Sci, Dept Community Med, Wardha, India
⁴²¹ Datta Meghe Inst Med Sci, Dept Med, Wardha, India
⁴²² Datta Meghe Inst Med Sci, Dept Ophthalmol, Wardha, India
⁴²³ Ulster Univ, Nutr Innovat Ctr Food & Hlth NICHE, Coleraine, Londonderry, North Ireland
⁴²⁴ Manhica Hlth Res Ctr, Dept TB, Manhica, Mozambique
⁴²⁵ Barcelona Inst Global Hlth, Viral & Bacterial Infect Res Program, Barcelona, Spain
⁴²⁶ Autonomous Univ Chile, Fac Business & Management, Talca, Chile
⁴²⁷ Natl Hlth Serv, London, England
⁴²⁸ Addis Ababa Univ, Dept Nursing & Midwifery, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
⁴²⁹ Islamic Azad Univ, Young Researchers & Elite Club, Rasht, Iran
⁴³⁰ Islamic Azad Univ, Dept Biol, Tehran, Iran
⁴³¹ Islamic Azad Univ, Dept Microbiol, Tehran, Iran
⁴³² Univ Lahore, Fac Allied Hlth Sci, Lahore, Pakistan
⁴³³ Univ Lahore, Univ Inst Publ Hlth, Lahore, Pakistan
⁴³⁴ Afro Asian Inst, Lahore, Pakistan
⁴³⁵ Univ New South Wales, Sch Publ Hlth & Community Med, Kensington, NSW, Australia
⁴³⁶ Sanjay Gandhi Postgrad Inst Med Sci, Dept Gastroenterol, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
⁴³⁷ Indian Inst Publ Hlth Gandhinagar, Hlth Syst & Policy Res, Gandhinagar, India
⁴³⁸ Univ Massachusetts, Dept Exercise & Hlth Sci, Boston, MA 02125 USA
⁴³⁹ Univ Oklahoma, Hlth Sci Ctr, Hudson Coll Publ Hlth, Oklahoma City, OK USA
⁴⁴⁰ Govt Federated States Micronesia, Dept Hlth & Social Affairs, Palikir, Micronesia
⁴⁴¹ Hokkaido Univ, Dept Resp Med, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
⁴⁴² Hokkaido Univ, Ctr Environm & Hlth Sci, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
⁴⁴³ Charles Univ Prague, Dept Publ Hlth & Prevent Med, Prague, Czech Republic
⁴⁴⁴ St James Sch Med, Dept Microbiol, The Valley, Anguilla
⁴⁴⁵ St James Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol, The Valley, Anguilla
⁴⁴⁶ Fdn IRCCS Ist Neurol Carlo Besta, Neurol Publ Hlth & Disabil Unit, Carlo Besta Neurol Inst, UO Neurol Salute Pubbl & Disabilit, Milan, Italy
⁴⁴⁷ Univ Fed Goias, Inst Trop Pathol & Publ Hlth IPTSP, Goiania, Go, Brazil
⁴⁴⁸ Univ South Carolina, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Columbia, SC USA
⁴⁴⁹ BRAC Univ, Ctr Noncommunicable Dis & Nutr, Dhaka, Bangladesh
⁴⁵⁰ Eternal Heart Care Ctr & Res Inst, Dept Prevent Cardiol, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
⁴⁵¹ Mahatma Gandhi Univ Med Sci, Dept Med, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
⁴⁵² Ohio Univ, Dept Social & Publ Hlth, Athens, OH USA
⁴⁵³ Hamdan Bin Mohammed Smart Univ, Sch Hlth & Environm Studies, Dubai, U Arab Emirates
⁴⁵⁴ Univ Western Australia, Med Sch, Perth, WA, Australia
⁴⁵⁵ Univ Western Australia, Dobney Hypertens Ctr, Perth, WA, Australia
⁴⁵⁶ Sir Charles Gairdner Hosp, Dept Neurol, Perth, WA, Australia
⁴⁵⁷ Al Azhar Univ, Dept Zool & Entomol, Cairo, Egypt
⁴⁵⁸ Univ Queensland, Inst Social Sci Res, Indooroopilly, Qld, Australia
⁴⁵⁹ Univ Queensland, ARC Ctr Excellence Children & Families Life Cours, Indooroopilly, Qld, Australia
⁴⁶⁰ Univ Huddersfield, Dept Pharm, Huddersfield, W Yorkshire, England
⁴⁶¹ Univ Newcastle, Sch Biomed Sci & Pharm, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
⁴⁶² Guilan Univ Med Sci, Gastrointestinal & Liver Dis Res Ctr, Rasht, Iran
⁴⁶³ Guilan Univ Med Sci, Caspian Digest Dis Res Ctr, Rasht, Iran
⁴⁶⁴ Guilan Univ Med Sci, Dept Environm Hlth Engn, Rasht, Iran
⁴⁶⁵ Skaane Univ Hosp, Skaane Cty Council, Malmo, Sweden
⁴⁶⁶ Univ Vet & Anim Sci, Inst Pharmaceut Sci, Lahore, Pakistan
⁴⁶⁷ Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Dept Pharm Adm & Clin Pharm, Xian, Peoples R China
⁴⁶⁸ London South Bank Univ, Sch Business, London, England
⁴⁶⁹ Univ Texas Austin, Dept Pediat, Austin, TX USA
⁴⁷⁰ Bangladesh Ind Gases Ltd, Dept Pharmacol, Tangail, Bangladesh
⁴⁷¹ Natl Inst Legal Med Mina Minovici, Clin Legal Med Dept, Bucharest, Romania
⁴⁷² Hamad Bin Khalifa Univ, Coll Sci & Engn, Doha, Qatar
⁴⁷³ Chinese Univ & Long Kong, Jockey Club Sch Publ Hlth & Primary Care, Hong Kong, Peoples R China
⁴⁷⁴ Shaikh Khalifa Bin Zayed Al Nahyan Med Coll, Dept Publ Hlth & Community Med, Lahore, Pakistan
⁴⁷⁵ China Med Univ, Dept Occupat Safety & Hlth, Taichung, Taiwan
⁴⁷⁶ China Med Univ, Coll Publ Hlth, Taichung, Taiwan
⁴⁷⁷ Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA
⁴⁷⁸ Bangalore Baptist Hosp, Div Community Hlth & Family Med, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
⁴⁷⁹ Khyber Med Univ, Dept Human Nutr, Peshawar, Pakistan
⁴⁸⁰ Taipei Med Univ, Coll Publ Hlth, Taipei, Taiwan
⁴⁸¹ Deakin Univ, Inst Phys Act & Nutr, Burwood, Vic, Australia
⁴⁸² Univ Sydney, Asbestos Dis Res Inst, Sydney, NSW, Australia
⁴⁸³ Univ Sydney, Sch Vet Sci, Sydney, NSW, Australia
⁴⁸⁴ Osaka Univ, Publ Hlth Dept Social Med, Suita, Osaka, Japan
⁴⁸⁵ Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Med, Suita, Osaka, Japan
⁴⁸⁶ Univ Tsukuba, Dept Hlth Serv Res, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
⁴⁸⁷ Univ Tsukuba, Res & Dev Ctr Hlth Serv, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
⁴⁸⁸ Univ Pretoria, Sch Hlth Syst & Publ Hlth, Pretoria, South Africa
⁴⁸⁹ George Mason Univ, Dept Global & Community Hlth, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA
⁴⁹⁰ Univ New South Wales, George Inst Global Hlth, New Delhi, India
⁴⁹¹ Boston Univ, Hlth Informat Lab, Boston, MA 02215 USA
⁴⁹² Boston Univ, Dept Comp Sci, 111 Cummington St, Boston, MA 02215 USA
⁴⁹³ Govt Med Coll, Dept Biochem, Mysuru, India
⁴⁹⁴ Univ Colombo, Postgrad Inst Med, Colombo, Sri Lanka
⁴⁹⁵ Fac Grad Studies, Inst Violence & Injury Prevent, Colombo, Sri Lanka
⁴⁹⁶ Dr Baba Saheb Ambedkar Med Coll & Hosp, Dept Community Med, Delhi, India
⁴⁹⁷ Banaras Hindu Univ, Dept Community Med, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
⁴⁹⁸ Duke Kunshan Univ, Environm Res Ctr, Kunshan, Peoples R China
⁴⁹⁹ Duke Kunshan Univ, Global Hlth Res Ctr, Kunshan, Peoples R China
⁵⁰⁰ Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC USA
⁵⁰¹ Duke Univ, Dept Anesthesiol, Durham, NC USA
⁵⁰² Duke Univ, Duke Global Hlth Inst, Durham, NC USA
⁵⁰³ George Inst Global Hlth, Renal & Cardiovasc Div, New Delhi, India
⁵⁰⁴ George Inst Global Hlth, Res Div, New Delhi, India
⁵⁰⁵ Beijing Tongren Hosp, Beijing Inst Ophthalmol, Beijing, Peoples R China
⁵⁰⁶ Semmelweis Univ, Hlth Serv Management Training Ctr, Budapest, Hungary
⁵⁰⁷ Semmelweis Univ, Fac Hlth & Publ Adm, Budapest, Hungary
⁵⁰⁸ Manipal Acad Higher Educ, Dept Community Med, Mangalore, India
⁵⁰⁹ Manipal Acad Higher Educ, Dept Forens Med & Toxicol, Mangalore, India
⁵¹⁰ Manipal Acad Higher Educ, Kasturba Med Coll, Mangalore, India
⁵¹¹ Univ Opole, Dept Family Med & Publ Hlth, Opole, Poland
⁵¹² Univ Tartu, Inst Family Med & Publ Hlth, Tartu, Estonia
⁵¹³ Univ Coll Cork, Sch Publ Hlth, Cork, Ireland
⁵¹⁴ Univ Coll Cork, Sch Med, Cork, Ireland
⁵¹⁵ Int Res Ctr Excellence, Inst Human Virol Nigeria, Abuja, Nigeria
⁵¹⁶ Univ Utrecht, Julius Ctr Hlth Sci & Primary Care, Utrecht, Netherlands
⁵¹⁷ Univ Utrecht, Inst Risk Assessment Sci IRAS, Utrecht, Netherlands
⁵¹⁸ Univ Management & Technol, Sch Food & Agr Sci, Lahore, Pakistan
⁵¹⁹ Baku State Univ, Dept Biophys & Biochem, Baku, Azerbaijan
⁵²⁰ Moscow State Pedag Univ, Russian Inst Adv Study, Moscow, Russia
⁵²¹ Hlth Serv Acad, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Islamabad, Pakistan
⁵²² Jatiya Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam Univ, Dept Populat Sci, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
⁵²³ Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Seoul, South Korea
⁵²⁴ Seoul Natl Univ, Inst Hlth Policy & Management, Seoul, South Korea
⁵²⁵ Sheffield Hallam Univ, Fac Hlth & Wellbeing, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England
⁵²⁶ Ohio Univ, Coll Arts & Sci, Zanesville, OH USA
⁵²⁷ Iranian Acad Med Sci, Tehran, Iran
⁵²⁸ Minist Hlth & Med Educ, Deputy Publ Hlth, Tehran, Iran
⁵²⁹ Northeastern Univ, Dept Hlth Sci, Boston, MA 02115 USA
⁵³⁰ Northeastern Univ, Cultures Soc & Global Studies & Integrated Initia, Boston, MA 02115 USA
⁵³¹ Natl Hlth Insurance Serv, Big Data Dept, Wonju, South Korea
⁵³² Xiamen Univ Malaysia, Sch Tradit Chinese Med, Sepang, Malaysia
⁵³³ Simmons Univ, Dept Nutr, Boston, MA USA
⁵³⁴ Kristiania Univ Coll, Sch Hlth Sci, Oslo, Norway
⁵³⁵ Tulane Univ, Global Community Hlth & Behav Sci, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA
⁵³⁶ Oslo Metropolitan Univ, Dept Nursing & Hlth Promot, Oslo, Norway
⁵³⁷ Univ British Columbia, Dept Pediat, Vancouver, BC, Canada
⁵³⁸ Univ British Columbia, Sch Populat & Publ Hlth, Vancouver, BC, Canada
⁵³⁹ Arthrit Res Canada, Richmond, BC, Canada
⁵⁴⁰ Sheri Kashmir Inst Med Sci, Dept Internal & Pulm Med, Srinagar, India
⁵⁴¹ Kasturba Med Coll & Hosp, Udupi, India
⁵⁴² San Juan Dios Sanit Pk, CIBERSAM, St Boi De Llobregat, Spain
⁵⁴³ Panjab Univ, Dept Anthropol, Chandigarh, India
⁵⁴⁴ Univ Montreal, Dept Demog, Montreal, PQ, Canada
⁵⁴⁵ Univ Montreal, Dept Social & Prevent Med, Montreal, PQ, Canada
⁵⁴⁶ Gazi Univ, Fac Med, Ankara, Turkey
⁵⁴⁷ Univ Nairobi, Dept Psychiat, Nairobi, Kenya
⁵⁴⁸ Univ Nairobi, Sch Publ Hlth, Nairobi, Kenya
⁵⁴⁹ Coventry Univ, Fac Hlth & Life Sci, Coventry, W Midlands, England
⁵⁵⁰ McMaster Univ, Dept Med, Hamilton, ON, Canada
⁵⁵¹ McMaster Univ, Populat Hlth Res Inst, Hamilton, ON, Canada
⁵⁵² Univ Indonesia, Fac Publ Hlth, Depok, Indonesia
⁵⁵³ Univ Milan, Dept Clin Sci & Community Hlth, Milan, Italy
⁵⁵⁴ Natl Inst Hlth Res NIIIR Oxford Biomed Res Ctr, Oxford, England
⁵⁵⁵ Univ Baghdad, Dept Community & Family Med, Baghdad, Iraq
⁵⁵⁶ Inst Med Sci, Unit Genet & Publ Hlth, Las Tablas, Panama
⁵⁵⁷ Inst Med Sci, Unit Microbiol & Publ Hlth, Las Tablas, Panama
⁵⁵⁸ Minist Hlth, Dept Publ Hlth, Herrera, Panama
⁵⁵⁹ Minist Hlth, Herrera, Panama
⁵⁶⁰ Uppsala Univ, Dept Med Sci, Uppsala, Sweden
⁵⁶¹ Uppsala Univ Hosp, Dept Clin Chem & Pharmacol, Uppsala, Sweden
⁵⁶² Father Muller Med Coll, Dept Otorhinolaryngol, Mangalore, India
⁵⁶³ Inst Clin Physiol, Natl Res Council, Pisa, Italy
⁵⁶⁴ Monash Univ, Sch Pharm, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
⁵⁶⁵ Taylors Univ, Sch Pharm, Lakeside Campus, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
⁵⁶⁶ Ajou Univ, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Suwon, South Korea
⁵⁶⁷ Oxford Univ Clin Res Unit, Wellcome Trust Asia Programme, Hanoi, Vietnam
⁵⁶⁸ Shenzhen Univ, Dept Sociol, Shenzhen, Guangdong, Peoples R China
⁵⁶⁹ West China Second Univ Hosp, Natl Off Maternal & Child Hlth Surveillance, Chengdu, Peoples R China
⁵⁷⁰ West China Second Univ Hosp, Natl Ctr Birth Defects Monitoring China, Chengdu, Peoples R China
⁵⁷¹ Univ Malaya, Dept Med, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
⁵⁷² Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Dept Med & Therapeut, Shatin, Peoples R China
⁵⁷³ Asbestos Dis Res Inst, Concord, NSW, Australia
⁵⁷⁴ Univ Michigan, Dept Syst Populat & Leadership, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
⁵⁷⁵ All India Inst Med Sci, Dept Paediat, New Delhi, India
⁵⁷⁶ All India Inst Med Sci, Dept Psychiat, New Delhi, India
⁵⁷⁷ Univ Melbourne, Melbourne Sch Populat & Global Hlth, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
⁵⁷⁸ Univ Melbourne, Sch Hlth Sci, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
⁵⁷⁹ Univ Melbourne, Dept Pediat, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
⁵⁸⁰ Liverpool Univ Hosp NHS Fdn Trust, Dept Gen Surg, Liverpool, Merseyside, England
⁵⁸¹ Univ Liverpool, Dept Surg, Liverpool, Merseyside, England
⁵⁸² Univ Liverpool, Dept Int Publ Hlth, Liverpool, Merseyside, England
⁵⁸³ Royal Childrens Hosp, Neurol Dept, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
⁵⁸⁴ Murdoch Childrens Res Inst, Clin Sci Dept, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
⁵⁸⁵ Murdoch Childrens Res Inst, Populat Hlth Theme, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
⁵⁸⁶ BGS Global Inst Med Sci, Dept Biochem, Bengaluru, India
⁵⁸⁷ Mysore Med Coll & Res Inst, Dept Forens Med & Toxicol, Mysooru, India
⁵⁸⁸ Urmia Univ Med Sci, Dept Publ Hlth, Orumiyeh, Iran
⁵⁸⁹ Michigan State Univ, Radiol & Precis Hlth Program, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA
⁵⁹⁰ Shri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara Univ, Dept Forens Med, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
⁵⁹¹ Rajiv Gandhi Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Forens Med, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
⁵⁹² Kurdistan Univ Med Sci, Environm Hlth Res Ctr, Sanandaj, Iran
⁵⁹³ Kurdistan Univ Med Sci, Social Determinants Hlth Res Ctr, Sanandaj, Iran
⁵⁹⁴ Kurdistan Univ Med Sci, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Sanandaj, Iran
⁵⁹⁵ Autonomous Technol Inst Mexico, Dept Econ, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
⁵⁹⁶ Indonesian Publ Hlth Assoc, Surabaya, Indonesia
⁵⁹⁷ Fed Inst Educ Sci & Technol Ceara, Campus Caucaia, Caucaia, Brazil
⁵⁹⁸ Singleton Hosp, Dept Ophthalmol, Swansea, W Glam, Wales
⁵⁹⁹ Aarhus Univ, Natl Ctr Register Based Res, Aarhus, Denmark
⁶⁰⁰ Autonomous Univ Hidalgo State, Dept Dent, Pachuca, Hidalgo, Mexico
⁶⁰¹ Alfaisal Univ, Coll Med, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
⁶⁰² Minist Hlth, Res & Innovat Ctr, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
⁶⁰³ United Nations Populat Fund UNFPA, Peru Country Off, Lima, Peru
⁶⁰⁴ NIH, Ctr Translat Res & Implementat Sci, Bldg 10, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
⁶⁰⁵ Univ Cape Town, Dept Med, Cape Town, South Africa
⁶⁰⁶ Univ Cape Town, Sch Publ Hlth & Family Med, Cape Town, South Africa
⁶⁰⁷ Helsinki Univ Hosp, Neurol Unit, Helsinki, Finland
⁶⁰⁸ Helsinki Univ Hosp, Breast Surg Unit, Helsinki, Finland
⁶⁰⁹ Univ Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
⁶¹⁰ Zora Profozic Polyclin, Clin Microbiol & Parasitol Unit, Zagreb, Croatia
⁶¹¹ Univ North, Univ Ctr Varazdin, Varazhdin, Croatia
⁶¹² Pomeranian Med Univ, Ctr Innovat Med Educ, Szczecin, Poland
⁶¹³ Pomeranian Med Univ, Dept Propedeut Internal Dis & Arterial Hypertens, Szczecin, Poland
⁶¹⁴ Pomeranian Med Univ, Szczecin, Poland
⁶¹⁵ Lausanne Univ Hosp, Woman Mother Child Dept, Lausanne, Switzerland
⁶¹⁶ Pacific Inst Res & Evaluat, Calverton, MD USA
⁶¹⁷ Ananthapuri Hosp & Res Inst, Global Inst Publ Hlth, Trivandrum, Kerala, India
⁶¹⁸ Womens Social & Hlth Studies Fdn, Trivandrum, Kerala, India
⁶¹⁹ Sabzevar Univ Med Sci, Dept Environm Hlth, Sabzevar, Iran
⁶²⁰ Sabzevar Univ Med Sci, Noncommunicable Dis Res Ctr, Sabzevar, Iran
⁶²¹ Kyrgyz State Med Acad, Internal Med Programme, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
⁶²² Natl Ctr Cardiol & Internal Dis, Dept Atherosclerosis & Coronary Heart Dis, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
⁶²³ Kashan Univ Med Sci, Res Ctr Biochem & Nutr Metab Dis, Kashan, Iran
⁶²⁴ Frankfurt Univ Appl Sci, Inst Addict Res ISFF, Frankfurt, Germany
⁶²⁵ Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Radiat Oncol, San Francisco, CA USA
⁶²⁶ Shahrekord Univ Med Sci, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Shahrekord, Iran
⁶²⁷ Ahmadu Bello Univ, Hlth Syst & Policy Res Unit, Zaria, Nigeria
⁶²⁸ Ahmadu Bello Univ, Dept Community Med, Zaria, Nigeria
⁶²⁹ Ahmadu Bello Univ, Dept Surg, Zaria, Nigeria
⁶³⁰ Burlo Garofolo Inst Maternal & Child Hlth, Clin Epidemiol & Publ Hlth Res Unit, Trieste, Italy
⁶³¹ Messina Univ, Dept Biomed & Dent Sci & Morphofunct Imaging, Messina, Italy
⁶³² King Abdullah Univ Sci & Technol, Comp Elect & Math Sci & Engn Div, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
⁶³³ Queensland Univ Technol, Int Lab Air Qual & Hlth, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
⁶³⁴ Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Sect Plast Surg, Ann Arbor, MI USA
⁶³⁵ Univ Campinas Unicamp, Dept Food Sci, Campinas, SP, Brazil
⁶³⁶ Childrens Hosp & Inst Child Hlth, Dept Pediat Med, Multan, Pakistan
⁶³⁷ Inst Mother & Child Care, Dept Pediat & Pediat Pulmonol, Multan, Pakistan
⁶³⁸ Initiat Financing Hlth & Human Dev, Res & Analyt Dept, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
⁶³⁹ Bioinsil Technol, Dept Res & Analyt, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
⁶⁴⁰ Hamedan Univ Med Sci, Dept Cardiol, Hamadan, Hamadan, Iran
⁶⁴¹ Moscow Inst Phys & Technol, Lab Publ Hlth Indicators Anal & Hlth Digitalizat, Dolgoprudnyi, Russia
⁶⁴² Kursk State Med Univ, Expt Surg & Oncol Lab, Kursk, Russia
⁶⁴³ Suraj Eye Inst, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
⁶⁴⁴ Govt Med Coll, Mysore Med Coll & Res Inst, Mysore, Karnataka, India
⁶⁴⁵ Univ Cent Punjab, Dept Biotechnol, Lahore, Pakistan
⁶⁴⁶ Makerere Univ, Dept Dis Control & Environm Hlth, Kampala, Uganda
⁶⁴⁷ Emergency Hosp Bucharest, Dept Gen Surg, Bucharest, Romania
⁶⁴⁸ Cardio Aid, Bucharest, Romania
⁶⁴⁹ Democritus Univ Thrace, Dept Med, Alexandroupolis, Greece
⁶⁵⁰ Kathmandu Univ, Dept Community Med, Palpa, Nepal
⁶⁵¹ Bahir Dar Univ, Coll Med & Hlth Sci, Gondar, Ethiopia
⁶⁵² Univ Yaounde I, Dept Publ Hlth, Yaounde, Cameroon
⁶⁵³ Univ Embu, Dept Biol Sci, Embu, Kenya
⁶⁵⁴ Vinmec Inst Appl Sci & Regenerat Med, Dept Res Methodol & Biostat, Hanoi, Vietnam
⁶⁵⁵ Duy Tan Univ, Inst Global Hlth Innovat, Hanoi, Vietnam
⁶⁵⁶ Ctr Addict & Mental Hlth, Inst Mental Hlth & Policy, Toronto, ON, Canada
⁶⁵⁷ Inst Clin Evaluat Sci, Dept Clin Epidemiol, Ottawa, ON, Canada
⁶⁵⁸ Mizan Tepi Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Mizan Teferi, Ethiopia
⁶⁵⁹ South African Med Res Council, Cape Town, South Africa
⁶⁶⁰ Keio Univ, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Tokyo, Japan
⁶⁶¹ Univ Tokyo, Dept Global Hlth Policy, Tokyo, Japan
⁶⁶² Cambridge Univ Hosp, Dept Gastroenterol, Cambridge, England
⁶⁶³ Natl Hosp, Dept Pediat, Abuja, Nigeria
⁶⁶⁴ Univ Bucharest, Adm & Econ Sci Dept, Bucharest, Romania
⁶⁶⁵ Univ Lagos, Dept Community Hlth & Primary Care, Idi Araba, Nigeria
⁶⁶⁶ Univ Utah, Dept Family & Prevent Med, Salt Lake City, UT USA
⁶⁶⁷ Western Sydney Univ, Translat Hlth Res Inst, Sydney, NSW, Australia
⁶⁶⁸ Ctr Hlth Start Initiat, Lagos, Nigeria
⁶⁶⁹ Univ Human Dev, Diplomacy & Publ Relat Dept, Sulaimaniyah, Iraq
⁶⁷⁰ Univ Nigeria Nsukka, Dept Pharmacol & Therapeut, Enugu, Nigeria
⁶⁷¹ Autonomous Univ Madrid, Dept Med, Madrid, Spain
⁶⁷² Autonomous Univ Madrid, Princess Univ Hosp, Madrid, Spain
⁶⁷³ Jimenez Diaz Univ Hosp, Dept Nephrol & Hypertens, Inst Hlth Res, Madrid, Spain
⁶⁷⁴ Natl Res Univ Higher Sch Econ, Dept Project Management, Moscow, Russia
⁶⁷⁵ Natl Res Univ Higher Sch Econ, Dept Hlth Care Adm & Econ, Moscow, Russia
⁶⁷⁶ Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeswara Acad Hlth Educ &, Dept Resp Med, Mysore, Karnataka, India
⁶⁷⁷ Ottawa Hosp Res Inst, Dept Med, Ottawa, ON, Canada
⁶⁷⁸ Natl Inst Mental Hlth & Neurosci, Dept Neurol, Bengalore, India
⁶⁷⁹ Ctr Hlth Outcomes & Evaluat, Dept Hlth Metr, Bucharest, Romania
⁶⁸⁰ Nepal Hlth Res Council, Res Dept, Kathmandu, Nepal
⁶⁸¹ Publ Hlth Res Soc Nepal, Res Dept, Kathmandu, Nepal
⁶⁸² Somnogen Canada Inc, Toronto, ON, Canada
⁶⁸³ Minist Hlth, Natl Inst Hlth Res & Dev, Jakarta, Indonesia
⁶⁸⁴ Kosin Univ, Dept Med Humanities & Social Med, Busan, South Korea
⁶⁸⁵ Populat Council, Dept Poverty Gender & Youth, New Delhi, India
⁶⁸⁶ James Cook Univ, Sch Publ Hlth Med & Vet Sci, Townsville, NSW, Australia
⁶⁸⁷ Ateneo Manila Univ, Ctr Res & Innovat, Pasig, Philippines
⁶⁸⁸ Yenepoya Med Coll, Dept Orthoped, Mangalore, India
⁶⁸⁹ Univ Extremadura, Dept Didact Expres Mus Plast & Corportal, Caceres, Spain
⁶⁹⁰ Mario Negri Inst Pharmacol Res, Bergamo, Italy
⁶⁹¹ Univ Bern, Dept Cardiol, Bern, Switzerland
⁶⁹² Univ Virginia, Div Infect Dis & Int Hlth, Charlottesville, VA USA
⁶⁹³ Integrated Dev Fdn Nepal, HIV & Mental Hlth Dept, Kathmandu, Nepal
⁶⁹⁴ Univ Groningen, Univ Med Ctr Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
⁶⁹⁵ Univ Groningen, Sch Econ & Business, Groningen, Netherlands
⁶⁹⁶ Alborz Univ Med Sci, Dietary Supplements & Probiot Res Ctr, Karaj, Iran
⁶⁹⁷ Alborz Univ Med Sci, Sch Med, Karaj, Iran
⁶⁹⁸ Ctr Invest Clin, Cali, Colombia
⁶⁹⁹ Valle del Lili Fdn, Clin Res Ctr, Ctr Invest Clin, Cali, Colombia
⁷⁰⁰ Ctr PROESA, Cali, Colombia
⁷⁰¹ ICESI Univ, Ctr Res Congenital Anomalies & Rare Dis, Cali, Colombia
⁷⁰² Smt BKS Med Inst & Res Ctr, Dept Neurol, Vadodara, India
⁷⁰³ Sharif Univ Technol, Dept Chem, Tehran, Iran
⁷⁰⁴ Univ Cent Florida, Coll Med, Orlando, FL 32816 USA
⁷⁰⁵ Univ Alberta, Dept Med, Edmonton, AB, Canada
⁷⁰⁶ Middlesex Univ, Dept Nat Sci, London, England
⁷⁰⁷ Maharishi Markandeshwar Med Coll & Hosp, Dept Community Med, Solan, India
⁷⁰⁸ Natl Yunlin Univ Sci & Technol, Future Technol Res Ctr, Touliu, Yunlin, Taiwan
⁷⁰⁹ Duy Tan Univ, Inst Res & Dev, Da Nang, Vietnam
⁷¹⁰ North South Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Dhaka, Bangladesh
⁷¹¹ Univ Massachusetts, Dept Biostat & Epidemiol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA
⁷¹² Policy Res Inst, Res Dept, Kathmandu, Nepal
⁷¹³ Global Ctr Res & Dev, Hlth & Publ Policy Dept, Kathmandu, Nepal
⁷¹⁴ Srinivas Inst Dent Sci, Dept Oral Pathol, Mangalore, India
⁷¹⁵ Univ Coll London Hosp, London, England
⁷¹⁶ Publ Hlth England, Acad Publ Hlth England, London, England
⁷¹⁷ River Reg Cardiol Associates, Montgomery, WV USA
⁷¹⁸ Western Sydney Univ, Sch Med, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia
⁷¹⁹ Western Sydney Univ, Translat Hlth Res Inst, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia
⁷²⁰ Brien Holden Vis Inst, Sydney, NSW, Australia
⁷²¹ Universal Sci Educ & Res Network USERN, NIIMA Network Immun Infect Malignancy & Autoimmun, Tehran, Iran
⁷²² Univ Minnesota, Dept Surg, Box 242 UMHC, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
⁷²³ Univ Teaching Hosp Kigali, Dept Surg, Kigali, Rwanda
⁷²⁴ Univ Fed Uberlandia, Dept Clin Res, Uberlandia, MG, Brazil
⁷²⁵ Ulm Univ, Inst Epidemiol & Med Biometry, Ulm, Germany
⁷²⁶ Mohammed VI Polytech Univ UM6P, African Genome Ctr, Ben Guerir, Morocco
⁷²⁷ Telethon Kids Inst, Malaria Atlas Project, Perth, WA, Australia
⁷²⁸ Natl Inst Med Res, Dept Hlth Stat, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania
⁷²⁹ Mashhad Univ Med Sci, Appl Biomed Res Ctr, Mashhad, Razavi Khorasan, Iran
⁷³⁰ Mashhad Univ Med Sci, Biotechnol Res Ctr, Mashhad, Razavi Khorasan, Iran
⁷³¹ Cairo Univ, Publ Hlth & Community Med Dept, Giza, Egypt
⁷³² Duta Wacana Christian Univ, Fac Med, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
⁷³³ Marshall Univ, Dept Surg, Huntington, WV USA
⁷³⁴ Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Nutr & Prevent Med, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA
⁷³⁵ PSG Inst Med Sci & Res, Dept Community Med, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
⁷³⁶ PSG FAIM ER South Asia Reg Inst, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
⁷³⁷ Bangladesh Inst Dev Studies BIDS, Hlth Econ Dept, Dhaka, Bangladesh
⁷³⁸ Hamad Med Corp, Dept Geriatr & Long Term Care, Doha, Qatar
⁷³⁹ Bournemouth Univ, Fac Hlth & Social Sci, Bournemouth, Dorset, England
⁷⁴⁰ Jawaharlal Inst Postgrad Med Educ & Res, Dept Prevent & Social Med, Pondicherry, India
⁷⁴¹ Bayer, Market Access, Istanbul, Turkey
⁷⁴² Baker Heart & Diabet Inst, Hypertens & Kidney Dis Lab, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
⁷⁴³ Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Psychol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA
⁷⁴⁴ Univ Alabama Birmingham, Sch Med, Birmingham, AL USA
⁷⁴⁵ Charite Univ Med Ctr Berlin, Oral Diag Digital Hlth & Hlth Serv Res, Berlin, Germany
⁷⁴⁶ Manian Med Ctr, Emergency Dept, Erode, India
⁷⁴⁷ Ctr Biomed Informat Technol, Shenzhen Inst Adv Technol, Shenzhen, Peoples R China
⁷⁴⁸ Najah Natl Univ, Publ Hlth Div, Nablus, Palestine
⁷⁴⁹ Ziauddin Univ, Dept Internal Med, Karachi, Pakistan
⁷⁵⁰ BLDE Univ, Dept Community Med, Vijayapur, India
⁷⁵¹ Univ Edinburgh, Ctr Med Informat, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland
⁷⁵² Natl Inst Infect Dis, Tokyo, Japan
⁷⁵³ Yonsei Univ, Coll Med, Seoul, South Korea
⁷⁵⁴ Finnish Inst Occupat Hlth, Helsinki, Finland
⁷⁵⁵ European Commiss, Res Execut Agcy, Brussels, Belgium
⁷⁵⁶ Univ Haifa, Sch Publ Hlth, Haifa, Israel
⁷⁵⁷ Cooper Inst, Dallas, TX USA
⁷⁵⁸ Dow Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Karachi, Pakistan
⁷⁵⁹ Dow Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Internal Med, Karachi, Pakistan
⁷⁶⁰ Dow Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pharmaceut, Karachi, Pakistan
⁷⁶¹ Reykjavik Univ, Reykjavik, Iceland
⁷⁶² Columbia Univ, Dept Hlth & Behav Studies, New York, NY USA
⁷⁶³ Columbia Univ, Grad Sch Architecture Planning & Preservat, New York, NY USA
⁷⁶⁴ George Washington Univ, Dept Dermatol, Washington, DC USA
⁷⁶⁵ Univ Sannio, Dept Law Econ Management & Quantitat Methods, Benevento, Italy
⁷⁶⁶ WSB Univ Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
⁷⁶⁷ Guru Angad Dev Vet & Anim Sci Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Zoonoses, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
⁷⁶⁸ US Dept Vet Affairs, Med Serv, Birmingham, AL USA
⁷⁶⁹ Gmers Med Coll & Civil Hosp, Dept Ophthalmol, Ahmadabad, Gujarat, India
⁷⁷⁰ Sch Prevent Oncol, Dept Epidemiol, Patna, Bihar, India
⁷⁷¹ Healis Sekhsaria Inst Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
⁷⁷² Hywel Dda Univ Hlth Board, Dept Ophthalmol, Llanelli, England
⁷⁷³ Moscow Res & Pract Ctr Addict, Dept 16, Moscow, Russia
⁷⁷⁴ Moscow Res & Pract Ctr Addict, Lab Genet & Genom, Moscow, Russia
⁷⁷⁵ Balashiha Cent Hosp, Therapeut Dept, Balashikha, Russia
⁷⁷⁶ Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Injury Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA
⁷⁷⁷ Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
⁷⁷⁸ King Khalid Univ Hosp, Dept Pediat, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
⁷⁷⁹ Ctr Biomed Res Resp Dis Network, Ctr Invest Biomed Red Enfermedades Resp CIBERSP, Madrid, Spain
⁷⁸⁰ Int Med Univ, Div Community Med, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
⁷⁸¹ Manonmaniam Sundaranar Univ, Dept Stat, Abishekapatti, India
⁷⁸² Indian Council Med Res, Natl Inst Epidemiol, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
⁷⁸³ Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, Bergen, Norway
⁷⁸⁴ Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Criminol Law & Soc, Irvine, CA USA
⁷⁸⁵ Univ Colorado, Dept Dermatol, Aurora, CO USA
⁷⁸⁶ Univ Valencia, Dept Med, Valencia, Spain
⁷⁸⁷ Carlos III Hlth Inst, Biomed Res Networking Ctr Mental Hlth Network Cib, Madrid, Spain
⁷⁸⁸ Univ Rajshahi, Dept Populat Sci & Human Resource Dev, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
⁷⁸⁹ Cent Univ Kerala, Dept Publ Hlth & Community Med, Kasaragod, India
⁷⁹⁰ Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Pathol & Legal Med, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
⁷⁹¹ Modestum LTD, London, England
⁷⁹² Hanoi Med Univ, Dept Hlth Econ, Hanoi, Vietnam
⁷⁹³ All India Inst Med Sci, Dept Community Med, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
⁷⁹⁴ Liverpool John Moores Univ, Fac Engn & Technol, Liverpool, Merseyside, England
⁷⁹⁵ Univ Crete, Dept Med, Iraklion, Greece
⁷⁹⁶ Nanyang Technol Univ, Lee Kong Chian Sch Med, Singapore, Singapore
⁷⁹⁷ Deakin Univ, Inst Phys Act & Nutr, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
⁷⁹⁸ Natl Univ Med Sci NUMS, Multidisciplinary Dept, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
⁷⁹⁹ Alex Ekwueme Fed Univ Teaching Hosp Abakaliki, Dept Community Med, Abakaliki, Nigeria
⁸⁰⁰ Natl Inst Hlth, Dept Cardiovasc Endocrine Metab Dis & Aging, Rome, Italy
⁸⁰¹ Amity Univ Rajasthan, Amity Inst Biotechnol, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
⁸⁰² Milad Gen Hosp, Clin Canc Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran
⁸⁰³ Sarsfield Hosp, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina
⁸⁰⁴ UKK Inst, Tampere, Finland
⁸⁰⁵ Raffles Hosp, Raffles Neurosci Ctr, Singapore, Singapore
⁸⁰⁶ Natl Univ Singapore, Yong Loo Lin Sch Med, Singapore, Singapore
⁸⁰⁷ All India Inst Med Sci, Dept Community Med & Family Med, Bathinda, India
⁸⁰⁸ Univ Bologna, Dept Med & Surg Sci, Bologna, Italy
⁸⁰⁹ St Orsola Malpighi Hosp, Occupat Hlth Unit, Bologna, Italy
⁸¹⁰ Ho Chi Minh City Univ Technol HUTECH, Fac Informat Technol, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
⁸¹¹ Nguyen Tat Thanh Univ, Ctr Excellence Behav Med, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
⁸¹² Fdn Univ Islamabad, Fdn Univ Med Coll, Islamabad, Pakistan
⁸¹³ Fed Inst Populat Res, Demog Change & Aging Res Area, Wiesbaden, Germany
⁸¹⁴ Competence Ctr Mortal Follow German Natl Cohort, Fed Inst Populat Res, Wiesbaden, Germany
⁸¹⁵ Rajarata Univ Sri Lanka, Dept Community Med, Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka
⁸¹⁶ Wenzhou Med Univ, Dept Orthopaed, Wenzhou, Peoples R China
⁸¹⁷ Beijing Adv Innovat Ctr Big Data Based Precis Med, Dept Behav & Operat Management, Beijing, Peoples R China
⁸¹⁸ New York Med Coll, Div Cardiol, Valhalla, NY 10595 USA
⁸¹⁹ Westchester Med Ctr, Div Cardiol, Valhalla, NY USA
⁸²⁰ Kerman Univ Med Sci, Hlth Serv Management Res Ctr, Kerman, Iran
⁸²¹ Kerman Univ Med Sci, Dept Hlth Management Policy & Econ, Kerman, Iran
⁸²² Natl Ctr Neurol & Psychiat, Dept Neuropsychopharmacol, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
⁸²³ Juntendo Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Tokyo, Japan
⁸²⁴ Korea Univ, Dept Prevent Med, Seoul, South Korea
⁸²⁵ Jackson State Univ, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Jackson, MS USA
⁸²⁶ Tsinghua Univ, Sch Med, Beijing, Peoples R China
⁸²⁷ Wuhan Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Wuhan, Peoples R China
⁸²⁸ Wuhan Univ, Sch Med, Wuhan, Peoples R China
⁸²⁹ Wuhan Univ, Sch Hlth Sci, Wuhan, Peoples R China
⁸³⁰ Girl Effect, Technol Enabled Girl Ambassadors TEGA Programme, London, England
⁸³¹ Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Maternal & Child Hlth Div, Dhaka, Bangladesh
⁸³² Russian Med Acad Continuous Profess Educ, Addictol Dept, Moscow, Russia
⁸³³ Russian Med Acad Continuous Profess Educ, Pediat Dept, Moscow, Russia
⁸³⁴ Wuhan Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Publ Hlth, Wuhan, Peoples R China
⁸³⁵ Wuhan Univ Sci & Technol, Hubei Prov Key Lab Occupat Hazard Identificat & C, Wuhan, Peoples R China
⁸³⁶ Wuhan Polytech Univ, Sch Biol & Pharmaceut Engn, Wuhan, Peoples R China

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