This article presents an overview of the current state and future prospects of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites in the field of civil engineering. It highlights the general characteristics and advantages of these materials, such as their mechanical performance, durability, and resistance to environmental factors. The discussion covers the application of CFRP in various structural elements and touches upon emerging innovations that enhance their effectiveness. Sustainability aspects related to the use of CFRP composites in construction are also briefly considered. This review aims to provide a useful resource for researchers and practitioners interested in advanced materials and their role in improving the quality and longevity of civil engineering structures.