Overcoming career barriers in global neurosurgery: insights from the WFNS young neurosurgeons survey

Introduction: The World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS) Young Neurosurgeons Committee conducted a global survey to identify key challenges affecting early-career neurosurgeons. These challenges ranging from restricted access to advanced training and limited research funding to insufficient mentorship, work-life imbalance, and experiences of gender and racial bias pose significant obstacles to professional growth and equitable neurosurgical development worldwide. Methods: A cross-sectional, web-based survey comprising 49 structured and open-ended questions was disseminated through neurosurgical networks, mailing lists, and social media. The target group included neurosurgeons within 10 years of completing residency. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics for quantitative responses and thematic analysis for qualitative insights. Results: Of the 500 respondents, 56.1% reported limited access to advanced training, 50.6% highlighted insufficient funding opportunities, and 48.2% cited a lack of mentorship. Work-life balance was a major concern for 87.1% of participants. Reports of gender and racial/ethnic bias were noted by 40.5% and 22.4% of respondents, respectively. While most participants worked in public hospitals, institutional support for career development varied considerably. Key recommendations included structured mentorship, equitable resource distribution, improved training access, flexible work policies, and targeted strategies to promote diversity and inclusion. Conclusion: The findings underscore persistent structural and institutional barriers confronting young neurosurgeons globally. Addressing these challenges through coordinated strategies including mentorship networks, funding reforms, international collaborations, and inclusive leadership policies is essential to cultivating the next generation of neurosurgical leaders and ensuring equitable progress in the field. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.