This historiographical study is devoted to the Cossack uprising of 1625 under the leadership of Mark Zhmailo and is dedicated to its 400th anniversary. The material of the work was the works in which this uprising is mentioned, the main research methods were the method of historiographical analysis and the method of classification. The authors divided the historiography of the uprising into categories: works devoted directly to the uprising; comprehensive works on history, including textbooks; works on the history of the Cossacks; and studies on religious topics, which describe the Zhmailo uprising. There are relatively few studies directly related to the uprising, which is explained by the narrowness of the source base, as well as the subject of the study; the uprising was short-lived and did not entail any serious political results. Among the works directly examining the uprising of 1625, we note the articles by B.N. Florey, T.R. Kovalets, K.A. Kochegarov, and others. There is no fundamental research on this issue. The most numerous is the category of works on the history of the Cossacks. In many of them, the Zhmaylo uprising is described with varying degrees of detail, but invariably in the context of gaining independence, unwillingness to live as part of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and the desire to reunite with Russia. This category of works (from modern ones) includes the research of I.Y. Vasiliev, I.Y. Erokhin, S.V. Rybakov, E.P. Savelyev, A.V. Sopov, Yu.R. Fedorovsky, P.T. Firov, V.Y. Sharovatova, T.R. Kovalets, Yu.M. Nikolchenko, T.M. Nikolchenko, V.I. Sergiychuk, A.L. Stanislavsky et al. Information about the uprising is also contained in textbooks, in particular, by such authors as A.S. Orlov, V.A. Georgiev, N.G. Georgieva, T.A. Sivokhina, A.N. Sakharov, V.I. Semenenko, L.A. Radchenko, and others, as well as in comprehensive monographs on the history of Russia or Ukraine (for example, such researchers as A.V. Voronyansky, L. Gaidai, A.N. Dolgikh, D.A. Levchik, A.I. Rigelman, A.V. Guschin, A.S. Levchenkov, E.A. Kosovan, etc.). © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.