This work, which is dedicated to the 200th anniversary of its foundation, explores some historical aspects of the gymnasium in Tambov. The materials were historical sources, in particular, Commemorative books of the Tambov province and historiography on the development of the education system in the region. The research methods were the historiographical method, the classification method and the synthesis method. Tambov Men's Gymnasium is one of the most remarkable institutions in the history of the Tambov region (province). It existed from 1825 to 1918. The gymnasium, as well as the Noble Boarding School at it, usually accepted the children of nobles, officials, honorary citizens, merchants, as well as burghers who completed their course at the county school. The gymnasium was considered one of the best in the Russian Empire. For a long time, the gymnasium remained the only one in the region, and the problem with the large student body was very urgent. She was also not without managerial shortcomings, as the publicist and writer S. eloquently wrote. Atava (S.N. Terpigorev). The gymnasium was closed in 1918 under the socialist government, which categorically rejected the division of education based on gender. Russian Russian cosmology graduates were very famous people, in particular, composer and conductor N.D. Dmitriev, founder of Russian cosmism N.F. Fedorov, founder of the Russian indological school I.P. Minaev, physician, pharmacologist and balneologist V.S. Bogoslovsky, Minister of National Education N.K. Kulchitsky, philosopher A.I. Vvedensky, and others. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.