Purpose: This research identified the key processes and problems connected with the transition of agriculture to the climate-resilient concept of development. This concept is implemented to strengthen global food security in the conditions of an increase in threats due to climate change. Design/Methodology/Approach: The research methodology is based on the system approach, the methods of analysis and synthesis, empirical methods of observation and generalisation, as well as theoretical concepts of climate-smart and climate-resilient agriculture. It covers different views of the transition of agriculture to more resilient practices given agro-ecological, economic, and social processes. Findings: It was revealed that the growth of hunger and aggravation of food security are directly connected with the negative influence of climate change on the conditions of agriculture. The transition of the agri-food sector to climate-resilient foundations is an important measure that can mitigate the negative consequences of global processes and achieve better progress in the fight against climate change. The main measures that must be implemented within such transition include the management of crops, water and land resources, means for mankind’s existence, and introduction of innovations. Originality/Value: This paper described the leading international experience in approaches to the formation of climate-resilient agriculture as a tool for ensuring global food security. The key directions and measures of this transition were distinguished, and their role and value for strengthening of resilience of agri-food systems to climate threats were substantiated. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.