Natural Sciences and Cultural Sciences: Correlation of Knowledge and Belief

The paper deals with the constitutive elements of creative work in science, which is understood as activities for cognition and explanation of the phenomena of the world and culture, carried out under the certain circumctances. The authors tried to show the main difficulties, which can occur both in the cultural sciences (history of philosophy) and natural sciences (chemistry) in the actual process of cognition of the world and its natural and culture-related realia. The authors follow the classification of sciences proposed by the representatives of Baden school of neo-Kantian philosophy, which differ the natural sciences and cultural sciences.