The concept of sustainable development

Sustainable development (SD) has progressed from a conceptual framework to a guiding principle for global policy and governance, aimed at addressing environmental degradation, social disparities, and economic instability. This research conducts a systematic literature review on many aspects of sustainable development, such as intergenerational equity, social inclusion, environmental stewardship, and economic viability. It examines challenges and opportunities in implementing sustainable development from a variety of perspectives, highlighting major challenges such as economic constraints, institutional barriers, technological limitations, and social and cultural obstacles. Nonetheless, there are ways to advance sustainable development, such as switching to renewable energy, sustainable agriculture, sustainable urban development, and community-led projects. Case studies from a range of industries show effective tactics and programs promoting sustainable development goals. Overall, the study emphasizes how crucial it is to work together across disciplines and sectors to promote sustainable development to create a future that is more resilient and equitable.